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The Effects of Cocaine in the Brain






Court postmortem brain of a cocaine addict. The lesion shown
refers to a massive brain hemorrhage and is associated with cocaine use.

Cocaine is the drug that soon devastates the user. Just a few months or even weeks for it to cause a profound weight loss, sleeplessness, nosebleeds and persistent runny nose, nasal mucosa injury and nasal tissues, and may even cause perforation of the septum (12). Regularly consumed high doses also cause paleness, cold sweats, fainting, seizures and respiratory arrest. In the brain, especially cocaine affects the motor areas, producing intense agitation. The action of cocaine on the body is powerful but brief, lasting about half an hour, since the drug is rapidly metabolized by the body.

Both dopamine and other substances increased in the brain can produce vasoconstriction and cause injury. These injuries can include bleeding and acute brain infarction (area of \u200b\u200bcell death caused by lack of oxygen), and myocardial necrosis, which can lead to sudden death. Brain & Mind

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Ritalin: its Structural and biochemical effects in some brain regions may be even greater than those of cocaine (Original English)

New scientific studies bring a new wave of concern about the safety of drugs most used because it seems that, often, their effects on the brain are not fully understood. For example, a recent survey shows that Ritalin, a drug prescribed millions of times per year in the United States for the treatment of diseases such the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), has the same effects on the brain as regular use of cocaine, especially in regions of the cortex reward.

The new study, conducted in mice, also shows that sometimes the effects of Ritalin are roughly the same as those of cocaine, which would be a big concern for parents who treat their children with drugs. The research team, based at Rockefeller University showed that methylphenidate, the active ingredient in the ADHD drug, has long-term effects that often overlap with those of narcotic terrible.

"Methylphenidate, which is thought to be a relatively innocuous compound, may have structural and biochemical effects in some brain regions that may be even greater than those of cocaine. More studies are needed to determine the implications of these behavioral changes and to understand the mechanisms by which these drugs affect the formation of synapses, "UK senior research associate Yong Kim, co-authored the new study published in the magazine's February 3 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, said.

UK Vincent Astor Professor Paul Greengard, head of the Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, co-author of the new paper. The team studied the behavior of laboratory rats that were injected with cocaine or methylphenidate for two consecutive weeks. Once the trial period, researchers have focused their questions on the effects of both substances in neurons.

For most of the findings, Ritalin has been behaving much like cocaine because they act the same way in the brain, the fact that both are psychoactive substances, and as such have similar effects. In some cases, however, the methylpenidate revealed a stronger impact than that of narcotics, causing, for example, a higher level of expression of proteins in certain parts of the brain.

This study is very important for the health of American children, and parents need to verify the requirements of their babies "for this drug. Furthermore, although researchers say more studies are needed, they do not mean that they can reach a different result. They simply suggest that they will repeat the experiment and accurately observe the effects of Ritalin on the brain.

Source:
http://news.softpedia.com/news/Ritalin-and-Cocaine-Have-Identical- Effects-on-the-Brain-103929.shtml

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Humor

The Drapetomania

a medical diagnosis was proposed in 1851 by Dr. Samuel A. Cartwright, a physician member of the Louisiana Medical Association, who practiced his profession in Louisiana, USA.
drapetomania The term derives from the Greek (drapetes, "a [slave] fled") + μανια (mania, "madness, frenzy").
This diagnosis appeared in an article published in the New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal, in which Dr. Cartwright argued that the trend escape of slaves actually it was a mental disorder that could be prevented and treated with high success rates.
Specifically, how preventing and reversing the situation of mental disorders, Dr Cartwright proposed whipping the slaves who seemed sullen and unhappy without any reasons and also, presumably when applicable, which is performed amputation of the toes of patients.


Anarchia

Benjamin Rush "Father of American Psychiatry", his picture adorns the official seal of the American Psychiatric Association, coined in the early nineteenth century, an interesting diagnosis called "anarchy ," a " form of madness" he used to label people who sought a more democratic society, because many people lived at the time that Benjamin Rush were unhappy with the structure U.S. policy states - slavery, restricted voting to white men ownership, etc..

Homosexuality

In 1973, much pressure is put on by gay American Psychiatric Association for her to omit homosexuality from the list of mental illnesses, proposing to call it, from then on, "a natural form of sexual development."
The entity, before so much bad publicity, just acknowledging the mistake to categorize homosexuality as a disease and removed it from its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatric Disorders.
The American Psychological Association, in turn, ended by declaring that homosexuality was not a pathology in 1975.
Finally, on 1 January 1993, the World Health Organization (WHO) removed homosexuality from its list of mental illnesses, a major victory against the preconceived ideas, but not really against the prejudice that exists because the belief that homosexuals have a choice and that only those who want to be gay.
The decision was based mainly on the fact that no evidence has been any difference between the mental health of a heterosexual and mental health a homosexual.

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psychiatry Ritalin is linked to an increase 500% for risk of sudden death in children Ritalin

How dangerous are the
amphetamine stimulant drugs prescribed for children with so-called deficit
of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

According to scientific research
subsidized by the FDA and National Institute of Mental Health,
substances like Ritalin increases the risk of sudden death in
five hundred per cent among children and adolescents.

these cases of sudden death, the child suddenly
disagreement and come to die, and will only be discovered later by
parents or siblings. That's what happened to Matthew Hohmann
in 2004 (Meet that matter), and according to this new research, this
keeps occurring to more and more children at a rate
which is 500 percent higher than would be considered typical for children with a
age and similar health condition.

ADHD drugs like Ritalin are obviously
stimulants amphetamines. They used to be sold on the street as
"narcotic" but now they are prescribed by psychiatrists for children after
subjective diagnosis of factitious disease:
ADHD - a "disorder" that has no biological evidence
measurable.

In a curious way, the FDA banned ephedra, a stimulant herbal
after a handful of consumers
died by consuming huge amounts of herb, a desperate effort to lose weight
. In that case, by prohibiting the herb, the FDA announced "the risks outweigh the advantages
benefits," stating that "ephedra
would not be safe at any dose."
In stark contrast to this, even when children are literally dropping dead
after taking medication for DDHA,
the FDA is now insisting on "the benefits outweigh the risks."

But on what benefits, exactly, are they talking about? There is no scientific study
reliable showing that the
ADHD drugs like Ritalin have any effect
long-term positive for children. In fact, studies show that
available anti ADHD drugs slow the physical growth of children
while
harm the developing brain.

Children who take these drugs,
in other words, not merely with a 500 percent
of increased risk of sudden death, and they are virtually guaranteed to be
retarded in their physical development and brain
, this dangerous stimulant drug amphetamine.

The only real benefits of these drugs Anti ADHD
in the end, are the financial benefits for pharmaceutical companies
. With hundreds of millions of doses of these drugs
being sold around the world each year, Big Pharma
(sets of large pharmaceutical companies) are
bathing in money earnings with their children while they are lying
killed in their own homes.

So while the FDA maintains that "the benefits are worth the risks," what they mean is that the financial benefits for pharmaceutical companies
are more valuable than the risk to the lives of children
. Pharmaceuticals as posing imminent danger to our children


When parents take their children to psychiatrists and are informed
to put them in the use of products such as Ritalin, most parents
believe what the doctors say. They believe the FDA would not approve
a drug so dangerous that could kill his son
without notice. And they believe that pharmaceutical companies
never sell products that might interfere
people.

But such beliefs are silly. In fact, the FDA, companies
drugs and psychiatrists are all working in collusion
consciously pushing dangerous drugs, Deadly
on families with the sole purpose of generating profits.
While children suffer and die, they take good advantage of
illusion of ADHD, the first promoting a fictitious disease
and then later by the high profits of a pharmaceutical quackery.

And yet, incredibly, the popular media says nothing. Senators and congressmen
remain silent. Psychiatrists corrupt, dishonest
, keep pushing the pills into your mouth and
pharmacists continue filling the jars, while children are dying day after day, through the use of drugs that have been suggested as a way to help them.
Medicalization mass of our own children
is the greatest crime of our time is not elucidated.

Medicalization mass of our own children is the greatest crime
unexplained of our time. It is the holocaust of chemical
today being perpetrated by our own health system!
Today, the pharmaceutical industry operates as an association organized
drugs, inventing fictitious diseases, then
to capitalize on the "treatments" for diseases such treatments
although ultimately affect far more people than they
conceivably help.

For additional boost to their profits, drug companies provide free testing (free screening) - based on a questionnaire
not totally scientific, sufficiently equipped to label virtually any
world as ADHD (adults included).

The overall disorders or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
is a circus of "junk" science (science rotten), enterprises profitable and betrayal of the FDA. If this were not so tragic and deadly, it would be absolutely laughable. But in the end, unfortunately, the bulk chemical poisoning of our children continues today, and those who profit from continuing calling it "treatment."

By Mike Adams Natural News Editor